Archaeological Evaluation
and Trial Trenching

Archaeological evaluations are often requested by the local planning authority, on the advice of their archaeological advisor, when a proposed development may affect buried archaeological remains. An evaluation may be needed before a planning application is decided, or it may be required as a condition of planning consent. The aim is to establish whether archaeology is present on a site and, if so, its character, extent, date and state of preservation.

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Most evaluations are carried out through a programme of trial trenching or test pitting, positioned to sample the area of proposed groundworks. Excavation is undertaken by machine under close archaeological supervision, followed by hand cleaning, investigation and recording of any features or deposits uncovered. Finds and environmental samples are recovered where appropriate, and the results are set out in a report that interprets the significance of what has been found.

All work is carried out in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation, agreed in advance with the archaeological advisor to the planning authority, and follows the relevant professional standards and guidance. On completion, the project archive is deposited with the appropriate repository and Historic Environment Record.

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The results of an evaluation allow informed decisions to be made early in a project. Where significant remains are identified, the report can help to shape the design of a scheme, whether through preservation in situ, further excavation, or a watching brief during the works. Where little or nothing is found, it can provide the reassurance needed to move a project forward with confidence.

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We also undertake evaluations within churchyards, cathedral precincts and the grounds of historic buildings, where an understanding of below-ground archaeology is needed ahead of drainage, services, extensions or landscaping.

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